Emergency heater



Aug. 27, 1929.

g E k I i W. A. BROWN EMERGENCY HEATER Filed Nov. 11, 1927 4Sheets-Sheet l Afroklvgy Aug. 27, 1929. w. A. BROWN 1,726,338

EMERGENCY HEATER Filed Nov. 11, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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EMERGENCY HEATER Filed Nov. 11, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 I l um ATTORNE Y 46 40 [N VLNTOR B Y Q. HM

Patented Aug. 27, 1929.

UNITED STATES WILLIAM A. BROWN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

EMERGENCY HEATER.

Application filed November 11, 1927. Serial No. 232,506. 4

In a co-pending application Serial No. 191,312, filed May 14th, 1927,for emergency heaters, I have described and broadly claimed new andnovel constructions of a combined radiant convection heater and lightingfixture wherein by the use of one or more transparent or translucentflues sur: rounding an electrical heating element I am able to obtain anentirely new and novel result for devices of this character.

In another co-pcnding application Serial No. 205,596, filed July 14th,1927, I have described and broadly claimed novel emergency heaterswherein the heating ed with transparent or conjunction with which ismounted on a flues to intensify translucentfiues in a polished reflectordesired side of the flue or and concentrate the radiating effect of thevisible incandescent heating unit in any given space desired, thereflector being placed exterior of the flue or flues so that the thermalaction within the flue, due to the incandescence of the unit, is notbaflled and a. maximum circulation of hot air is obtained withoutsacrificing any of the effectiveness of the heat rays generated andthrown out by the incandescent unit and intensified and concentrated bythe reflector.

It is more particularly the object of this invention to devise a novelconstruction and arrangement of these flues whereby any and all types ofcommercial and art glass and other transparent and translucent materialsmay be used in the building of transparent and translucent fines for usein emergency heaters of this character where a high temperature of heatis generated by the heating unit and transmitted to the flue or fluessurrounding said heating unit.

In practice, it has been found that certain desirable types of glasscannot be used in the form of a continuous one piece chimney or fluebecause of its inability to withstand frequent heating and cooling wherehigh temperatures are used, and cracking of the glass from this heatingand cooling efl'ect quickly takes place. It has also been found inpractice that certain desirable and artistic glasses and othertransparent and translucent mate rials cannot be manufactured as a. onepiece chimney or flue.

This invention therefore broadly comprehends the use of transparent andtranslucent flue or flues in a combined radiant convection heater andlighting fixture wherein said flue or flues comprise a plurality ofpieces of unit is surroundglass or other material formed in a manner topermit of their assembly in the shape of a flue or flues.

By this new and novel method of constructing my flues, I am able to takecare of the re sultant expansion and contraction of the material causedby heating and cooling; the breakage, that would otherwise be present,is entirely eliminated and an appreciable saving to the operator of thedevice is possible.

My novel construction of sectional flues also permits me to use certaindesirable inexpensive kinds of glass and other material which cannot nowbe obtained in one piece in the shape of a flue or chimney. This appliesparticularly to most types of art glass and certain commercial types ofmica.

The radiating effect which I obtain by the use of sectional transparentor translucent flue or flues surrounding a heating unit as hereindescribed which is instantly perceptible as soon as the unit reaches anincandescent state, which effect I fully described in my co-pendingapplication Serial No. 191,312 filed May 14th, 1927, is identically thesame in the present case as described in said application. The greatvolume of convection heat or circulating hot air which is generated bythe device because of the surrounding of the heating unit with a chimneyor flue, is the same as described in detail in the aforesaid applicationSerial No. 191,312.

Iy invention further consists of a novel method of assembling thevarious component parts of these devices for mounting either in a quickdetachable form on existing fixtures or as a permanent new fixture.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have shown in theaccompanying drawings forms thereof which are at present preferred byme, since they will give in practice satisfactory and reliable results,although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities ofwhich my invention consists can be variously arranged and organized andthat my invention is not limited to the precise arrangement andorganization of these instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional View of a combined radiantconvection heater and lighting fixture, embodying my invention, thesection being taken on line 11 of Figure 2, the segmental flues beingshown partially in elevation and partially in section, the deflector andits support being in section, and

the heating unit and its socket and electric light bulbs being inelevation.

Figure 2' represents a plan view taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1, thesegmental flues being in section, and the support, electric light anddash lines as bulbs and heating unit socket being in elevation.

Figure 3 represents a vertical, sectional view of a combined radiant,convection heater and lighting fixture, the section being taken on line3-3 of Figure 4, the segmental flue being shown partially in elevationand partially in section, the ornamental shade being shown in section,and the rest of the figure in elevation.

Figure 4: represents a horizontal, sectional view taken on line 4.l ofFigure 3, the flue and ornamental shade being in section.

Figure 5 represents a sectional view or" a quick-detachable, rotatable,combined radiant convection heater and lighting fixture, the sectionbeing taken on line 55 of Figure 6, the outer segmental flue being shownpartially in elevation and partially in section, the two other flues andjunction box being shown in section, and the rest of the figure beingshown in elevation. The deflector is shown in dot it is cut out of thepicture by the section.

Figure 6 represents a sectional plan view,

the section being taken on line 6-6 of Figure 5, the three flues beingshown in section and the heating unit removed from its socket, the screwwhich limits the rotating of the device and the slot in which itoperates, being shown dotted.

Figure 7 is an enlarged plan view showing a section taken on line 7 7 ofFigure 5, of the rotatable control of my invention.

Figure 8 is an exploded view of the assembly shown at the base of Figure5, up to and including the parts at section line 77.

Figure 9 is a side view of a combined radiant convection heater andlighting fixture taken on line 99 of Figure 10, the outer segmental fluebeing shown partially in. elevation and partially in section, the innerflue, deflector and portions of the support being shown in section, andthe rest of the figure in elevation.

Figure 10 is a plan view taken on line 10-10 of Figure 9, the fluesbeing shown in section, and the rest of the figure in elevation.

Figure 11 is a front elevation of a modification of a combined radiant,convection heater and lighting fixture, the segmental flues being shownpartially in elevation and partially in section.

Figure 12 is a plan view of Figure 11, the support being sectioned online 12-12 of Figure 11, the segmental flues being shown in section andthe rest of the figure in elevation.

Figure 13 is an adjustable joint on the upright 25 of Figure 3.

Figure 14 represents a section taken on line line 15-15 of Figure 1 1-11 of Figure 15, the segmental flue being shown partially in elevationand partially in section, the junction box, inner flue and deflectorbeing shown in section, and the reflector being shown in elevation.

Figure 15 represents a section taken on 14, with the heating unitremoved.

Figure 16 represents a partial sectional view taken on line 1616 01Figure 17, showing the segmental flue in partial elevation, thereflector and rest of the figure being shown in elevation.

Figure 17 represents a sectional view of Figure 16, taken on line 17--17 with all parts removed from the inside of the flue above section a2w, the brackets supporting the flue and reflector being shown inelevation.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings 1 designates an outer sectional flue which isheld in permanent assembly by the grooved member 1 2 designates an innersectional flue surrounding the heating unit 3 which is screwed into thestandard socket 4, which is attached by the nipple 5 to the top of thejunction box 6, the nipple 7 connecting the junction box 6 to the wallbracket 8 which is in turn attached to the wall plate 9 by the screws 10and supports the heat resisting protecting plate 11 which is held in therabbets 12 which are part of the bracket 8.

The spider 13 supports the flues 1, 2 and 27 shown in the variousfigures, which are held in concentric assembly by means of the rods 1 1and the nuts or buttons 16 and 16*, in combination with the groovedmembers 1"*, 2 and 27 The nut or button 16 may be tapped as shown toreceive the lower end of the rod 14,

which may be threaded, thereby enabling the user of my device to removethe fiues in their assembled state, to be cleaned, merely by unscrewingthe wing nut or thumb screw 15, which serves to hold the flues in anupright position on the spider 13. The set screw 13 is used to hold thespider 13 rigidly upon the socket 4L and also to secure the socket t ina stationary position upon the nipple 5 The ornamental band 13 ispermanently attached to the spider 13.

The deflector 17 is placed in the space between the flues 1 and 2 and isself-locating on account of its shape. The electric light bulbs 18 aresupported in a standard socket 19 which is in turn attached to thejunction box 6 by the nipple 20. The set screw 20 holds the, lightsocket 19 in place upon the nipple 20.

The heating unit is controlled by the pull chain 21 or its equivalentand the electric light bulbs are controlled by the pull chain 22 or itsequivalent.

In Figure 3 we show a modification of Figure 1 applicable to table orfloor lamps and having an additional ornamental shade or flue 23supported on the flue arms 13 by the shade arms 24.- and the entirefixture is supported by an elongated pipe 25 on the base 26. Thesectional flue 1 is held in assembly by the grooved extension 13 of thespider 13.

In Figure 5 the integral flues 1 and 2 are surrounded by an extrasectional flue 27 which is held in permanent assembly by the groovedmember 27 a and supported by an extension of the arms of the spider 13,the same method being used to hold the three flues together as was usedto hold the two flues together in Figure 1, thereby enabling the threeflues to be, detached from the device as an entity for cleaning or forrepairing the fixture; the nuts or buttons 16 and l6 having an extension30 and 30 for purposes of holding the outer and adjacent sectional flue27 in concentric position.

The flues 1 and 2 in Figure 5, are preferablv made of special highheat-resisting translucent or transparent material and provide apositive protection to the outer sectional glass flue 27 when a highcapacity heat ing unit is used. The ornamental shield 28 may be attachedby the hooks 29 to the bulb socket 19 and is easily demountable. It isof course evident that the intensity of the radiating effect of thedevice may be controlled by the number and density of the fluessurrounding the heating unit regardless of the capacity of the unit.

Figure 6 shows this shield 28 in plan view and also the three flues 1, 2and 27 on the extended spider 13 with the sectional flue 27 held inassembly by the grooved member 27. The button 30, also shown in Figure5, which is an extension of the nut or button 16, maintains thesectional flue 27 in concentric position with the adjacent flue 1. Theornamental band 13" is the same as in Figure 1.

Figure 7 shows the rotatably adjustable feature of the nipple 5 withinthe top of the cap 35 which is limited by the set screw 31 working inthe milled space 32 to restrict the rotative movement of the cap 35 uponthe nipple 5 so that it is impossible to twist oil or break the wiringof the fixture which leads to the heating unit socket 4.

In Figure 5 the house socket 33, which is attached to the support 36 ofany lighting fixture already installed, receives the screw plug 34 whichin turn receives the pronged cap 35 into which is screwed the nipple 5which is locked to the cap 35 by the screw 31 which is placed in atapped hole at the top of the cap 35 and restricts the movement of thenipple 5 by engagement in the milled recess 32. It is of course evidentthat the milled section 32 may be entirely removed if desired withoutchanging the function of the nipple 5. The socket 33 and the support 36are not included as a part of my quick detachable device.

Figure 8 shows an enlarged exploded view of the method I employ inmounting my de tachable device on any fixture already installed in anybuilding in which the device is to be used. This enlarged exploded Viewalso shows the method I use for limiting the rotatable adjustment of mydevice after it has been mounted on the fixture to which it is to beapplied. It being evident that by the use of the screw 31 in the milledsection of the nipple 5, the wire to the junction box (1' cannot bemutilated in revolving the device so that the lights 18 may be in thedesired position. This rotatable adjustment feature of my device permitsthe user to place the device in the desired position regardless of theposition of the slots 34 of the attachment plug base 34 after said plugbase 34 has been screwed into the standard socket of the fixture onwhich my device is to be mounted, ready to receive the plug cap 35 whichis a part of my device and having the blades or prongs 35 which arefitted into the slots 34. The nut 37 is used to hold the device inpermanent position by being moved down to a tight fit on the plug capFigure 9 represents another modification of my combined radiantconvection heater and lighting fixture using but one bulb 18 directlybelow the socket 4, which holds the heating unit 3, the heating unit 3and the bulb 18 being controlled by pull chain switches 21 and 22 asshown, or any other suitable switching means, the flues l and 2 and thedeflector 17 being in the same assembly as shown in Figure 1, the flue 2being made up in an integral form from special high heat resistingtranslucent or transparent material if a high capacity heating unit isemployed. The entire assembly being mounted on the arm 7 which isattached to the wall bracket 8 by the nipple 7.

Figure 11 shows another modification of my combined radiant convectionheater and lighting fixture wherein I use two heating units 3, each unitbeing surrounded by a single sectional flue 1, both flues and heatingunits being mounted directly to the wall bracket 8, and held inpermanent assemblv by the grooved extension 13 of the spider 13. It willbe evident that this modification of my combined radiant convectionheater and lighting fixture shown in Figure 11 may be adapted for use onany floor or table lamp if desired, and may have a plurality of fluessurrounding the heating unit, the heating units and the light beingcontrolled by any suitable switching means.

Figure 13 shows a method of adjusting the fixture so that the flue orchimney may be deflected from the upright position to either one side orthe other and the hot air thrown in anv desired direction. The positionwished for is maintained by the wing nut 15 In Figure 14 I have shown amodification of the construction seen in Figure 1 wherein I employ anintegral line 2 which is surrounded by the segmental flue 1. Inconjunction with such flues I employ a polished reflector preferably ofmirrored glass d3 which is secured in position exterior of the fines, bythe bracketsald having the hooks 45. The reflector 43 may be lifted oifof the brackets it and out of the hooks 45 for cleaning or for any otherpurpose. This reflector d3 serves to intensity and concentrate the fullradiating effect of the incandescent heating unit in any given spacedesired.

Figure 15 shows the location and the means employed in holding thereflector in position outside of the outer segmental flue 1.

In the embodiment seen in Figure 16, I have shown a quick detachableadjustable device adapted to be connected with any standard fixture. Thelighting bulb 18 is located Within the segmental flue 1, and a reflector43 is located exterior of the flue 1 and is secured in the same manneras is shown in Figure 14. The socket a which receives the heating unit 3and the socket 19 which receives the bulb 18, are both mounted inside ofthe fine 1 on the support 38 which is attached to the plug cap 35 bymeans of the nipple 5 and the nut 4C1.

The sockets a and 19 are attached to the bracket 38 by means of thenipples 5 and 20 respectively. The segmental fine 1 is held in positionby means of the cylindrical member 10 which is permanently attached tothe arms 39 which are in turn mounted on the bracket 38 by means of thescrews 42 or'in any other desired manner. The nut 3? performs the samefunction as described in connection with the construction shown inFigure 5. The ornamental band 13 is permanently attached to thecylindrical member 4-0. The reflector 43 is held in position by thebrackets a l and the hooks 45. The brackets 44 are held in position onthe band 13" by means of the screws 46, the function of the reflector 43being the same as that described in conjunction with Eigures 14; and 15.In the construct-ion shown in Figure 16 the milled section 32 or itsequivalent are dispensed with and the rotation of the device isaccomplished by revolving the bracket 38 upon the nipple 5, which isthen held permanently in the desired position by means of the nut 41.

In Figure 17 I have shown the method employed for holding the member l0which receives the segmental flue 1 in position on the bracket 38 bymeans of the arms 39 and screws 42. It will be apparent that theelectric light bulbs can be dispensed with if desired.

From the foregoing it will be evident that by the use of transparent ortranslucent lines the incandescence of the heating unit will be visibleat all times and a thoroughly effective radiated heat delivered theinstant the unit reaches an incandescent state, and as this result isobtained without the use of reflectors and the like in the flue toretard or slow up the flow of air in the flue the convection heat orcirculating hot air generated by the device reaches its maximumefiiciency.

It will likewise be apparent that the intensity of the radiant heatgenerated by the device and its effect upon the outer sectional flue maybe definitely controlled when required by the number and character ofthe inner fines employed. If in practice it is found that certain typesof glass or other translucent or transparent material used in theconstruction of the sectional tines herein described will not withstandthe heat thrown out by high capacity heating units even when constructedfrom many pieces in the form of a chimney or fine, then in such case bythe use of one or more transparent or trans-- luccnt inner high heatresisting flues properly s aced to permit the proper flow of air betweentheir inner and outer surfaces, the heat which is generated by the unitmay be re duced to a point where it could not possibly affect the outerflue thereby permitting this outer flue if assembled in section, to beconstructed of any material desired, particularly is this true ofdesirable types of art glass. In practice such a construction has beenfound desirable notwithstanding the fact that ordinary glass whenassembled in many small sections has proved satisfactory againstbreakage from frequent heating and cooling under severe tests wherehigher temperatures are developed than will be present in the devicesherein described.

Commercially the use of transparent and translucent fines of glassor'mica is of tremendous significance in a device of this characterbecause of the high resistance these ma terials have against theabsorption and transmission of heat. In practice I have definitelyproved that the ready absorption and transmission of heat which ischaracteristic of all metals prohibits the use of metal fines and thelike in my devices which are of necessity small and compact anddecidedly unlike similar devices of the past, all of which have beenbulky and unsightly with excessive exposed surfaces capable ofdissipating the heat absorbed by the universally used metal chimneysurrounding the heating unit;

in many instances in spite of the size of these devices so great hasbeenthe absorption and transmission by the metal flue of the heat generatedby the heating unit that walls of asbestos and the like have beeninterposed to prevent the scorching of adjacent objects. The radiatingefiect which metal fines on reaching a high temperature have given todevices of this character in the past is accomplished in my devices bymaking the incandescence of the heating unitvisible and therebypermitting its heat rays to be felt directly, over a wide area andwithout affecting in any way the convection heat or circulating hot airproduced by the device which is an effect never before attempted oraccomplished and is only possiblein my devices because of the use oftransparent or translucent flues. And when I construct these flues ofmica or glass I am able to have them of any desired size and to mountthem in any desired manner and in any place without the danger of theheat generated by the heating unit being absorbed and transmitted by myflues to the entire device with more or less disastrous results tosurrounding objects as is the case where flues of metal and the like areused.

In all modifications of my devices shown and described herein it will beapparent that the polished reflector referred to, Which is preferably ofglass to prevent the absorption of heat generated by the device, may beattached to any of the devices I show without in any way altering theirgeneral construction. If any of my devices equipped with high capacityheating units are mounted in close proximity to a wall or other objectwhich may be disastrously affected by the heat rays which are thrown outin all directions by this visible incandescent heating unit, then insuch case a reflector such as is disclosed herein may be added to thedevice to prevent these heat rays from reaching the object to beprotected.

It is a well known fact that the rays of the ordinary electric radiantheater which employs a heating unit mounted in front of a bowl shapedpolished reflector will ruin furniture and the like if these reflectedheat rays reach these objects. The reflector I employ and which isoptional, its use being dependent on how or where my device is used,therefore performs two functions that of preventing the heat rays fromaffecting any adjacent objects in addition to intensifying andconcentrating those rays within any desired space.

It will also be evident in all modifications of my devices hereindisclosed that the use of electric light bulbs may be dispensed withwhere the room to be heated has other lighting equipment with which tosupply light.

It will now be apparent that I have de vised new and useful emergencyheaters which embody the features of advantage enumerated as desirablein the statement of the invention and the above description, and while Ihave, in the present instance, shown and described preferred embodimentsthereof which will give in practice satisfactory and reliable results itis to be understood that these embodiments are susceptible ofmodification in Various particulars without departing from the spirit orscope of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a radiant convection heater, a support, an electric heating unitcarried thereby, a segmental light transmitting flue surrounding saidunit, and having means to retain it in spaced relationship with respectto said heating unit.

2. In a radiant convection heater, a support, anelectric heating unitcarried thereby, a segmental flue surrounding said heating unit andmeans to maintain said flue in spaced relationship with said heatingunit, and to maintain the segments of said flue in assembled relationwith each other to form a complete flue.

3. In a radiant convection heating and lighting fixture, a support, anelectric heating unit carried thereby, a segmental light transmittingflue surrounding said unit, having means to retain it in spacedrelationship with respect to said heating unit, and an electric light inproximity to said flue.

4c. In a radiant convection heater, a support, an electric heating unitcarried thereby, a plurality of segmental flues in spaced relation witheach other and in spaced relationship with said heating unit andsurround ing it, and means to secure said flues in spaced relationshipwith each other and with said heating unit, and to maintain the segmentsof a flue in assembled relation to form a complete flue.

5. In a radiant convection heater, a sup port, an electric heating unitcarried thereby, a segmental light transmitting flue surrounding saidheating unit, means to secure the segments of a flue in spaced relationand in assembled condition with respect to said heating unit, and a heatresistance shield extending along one side of said flue and in spacedrelationship therewith.

6. In a radiant convection heater and lighting fixture, a support, anelectric heating unit carried thereby, a segmental flue surrounding saidheating unit and means to maintain said flue in spaced relationship withsaid heating unit and to maintain the segments of said flue in assembledrelation with each other to form a complete flue, and an electric lightin proximity to said flue.

WILLIAM A. BROWVN.

